Safety is paramount in mining. Traditionally relying heavily on manual labor, mining has transformed with the implementation of automation and robotics to shoulder the heavy lifting. This has had a significant impact on the safety and overall well-being of miners.
One of the remaining processes relying on manual work is the deployment of explosive charges within the rockface. Although blasting schedules may vary, from just once to multiple times in a day, each round may contain up to ten blasts. Despite it being a controlled process, the physical exertion of drilling holes and inserting explosives and primers can take its toll on the skilled people carrying out these tasks. Combined with the dangers associated with the risk of falling rocks, debris and dust, this process presents hazards that can be eliminated through the application of automation and robotics.
ABB, in partnership with Boliden and LKAB, and explosive suppliers Forcit and Kimit, are piloting automated robotic explosive charging technology as a pilot solution engineered to combat this challenge. Designed to remove people from the unprotected area around the rock face during charging sequences, the robotic blasting system automatically scans the face to detect boreholes. The system then calculates how to reach all holes, and how to charge them, before deploying the charges. This ensures that the knowledge and expertise of these operators is retained, while enabling them to complete their critical role with less risk.
In tandem, the use of robotics can result in more consistent charging, as the robot will lay the charges in direct accordance with the programed plan. Additionally, employing technologies such as machine learning alongside its ability to record all loading results and provide data insights, means the robotic blasting system will become more efficient over time and ultimately improve the process.
Prioritizing the well-being of workers requires addressing more than the physical risks, but also the biological dangers associated with the hazardous environment of mines. Effective ventilation is key to safety. The inhalation of toxic fumes and gases, or dust caused by disturbed rock, can lead to a myriad of health problems. All mines are therefore equipped with the appropriate ventilation systems. However, with the implementation of automated solutions such as ABB Ventilation Optimizer, processes such as blasting and ventilation can work together to improve efficiency for greater safety.
The next step in mining automation is to incorporate more effective automation technologies in the planning schedule and production control. This automated layer will connect several daily processes, such as ventilation, dewatering, conveying systems, and in-pit crushers, as well as mobile machines, to give the operator a wider view of the process and promptly react to disturbances. Safety elements can then be activated as and when needed.