It is a term used by International Functional Safety Standards including IEC61508 and IEC62061. SIL levels range from 1 to 4.
The higher the number, the higher the level of safety and the lower the probability that the safety-related system will fail to carry out the required safety functions. While there are four SIL levels, IEC62061 does not recognize SIL 4 as if the process requires SIL 4, it’s sometimes said that the process needs to be reconsidered.